Chem. Senses 27: 207-213,
2002
© Oxford University Press 2002
A Putative Pheromone Receptor Gene Is Expressed in Two Distinct Olfactory Organs in Goats
1 Department of Ultrastructural Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8613, Japan 2 Laboratory of Veterinary Ethology, Department of Animal Resource Science, University of Tokyo, 1 - 1 - 1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan 3 Department of Developmental Morphology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan 4 CREST (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology)
Correspondence to be sent to: Kimiko Hagino-Yamagishi, Department of Ultrastructural Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8613, Japan. e-mail: kyamagis{at}rinshoken.or.jp
Mammals possess two anatomically and functionally distinct olfactory systems. The olfactory epithelium (OE) detects volatile odorants, while the vomeronasal organ (VNO) detects pheromones that elicit innate reproductive and social behavior within a species. In rodent VNO, three multigene families that encode the putative pheromone receptors, V1Rs, V2Rs and V3Rs, have been expressed. We have identified the V1R homologue genes from goat genomic DNA (gV1R genes). Deduced amino acid sequences of gV1R genes show 40-50% and 20-25% identity to those of rat and mouse V1R and V3R genes, respectively, suggesting that the newly isolated goat receptor genes are members of the V1R gene family. One gene (gV1R1 gene) has an open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 309 amino acids. It is expressed not only in VNO but also in OE. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that gV1R1 -expressing cells were localized in neuropithelial layers of VNO and OE. These results suggest that the goat may detect pheromone molecules through two distinct olfactory organs.
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