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Chemical Senses 2004 29(6):547-554; doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh059
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Chemical Senses Vol. 29 No. 6 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved

Demographic and Cognitive Predictors of Cued Odor Identification: Evidence from a Population-based Study

Maria Larsson1,2, Lars-Göran Nilsson1,2, Jonas K. Olofsson3 and Steven Nordin3

1 Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, 2 Centre for Advanced Study, Oslo, Norway and 3 Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Correspondence to be sent to: Dr Maria Larsson, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Frescati Hagväg 14, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. e-mail: maria.larsson{at}psychology.su.se

This study investigated demographic and cognitive correlates of cued odor identification in a population-based sample from the Betula project: 1906 healthy adults varying in age from 45 to 90 years were assessed in a number of tasks tapping various cognitive domains, including cognitive speed, semantic memory and executive functioning. The results revealed a gradual and linear deterioration in cued odor identification across the adult life span. Overall, females identified more odors than men, although men and women performed at the same level in the oldest age cohort (85–90 years). Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that age, sex, education, cognitive speed and vocabulary were reliable correlates of performance in the odor identification task. In addition, age-related deficits in the included demographic and cognitive variables could not fully account for the observed age-related impairment in identification, suggesting that additional factors are underlying the observed deterioration. Likely candidates here are sensory abilities such as olfactory detection and discrimination.

Key words: Betula project, individual differences, odor identification


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