Chemical Senses Advance Access originally published online on May 7, 2007
Chemical Senses 2007 32(5):475-482; doi:10.1093/chemse/bjm016
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Human Odor Detection of Homologous Carboxylic Acids and Their Binary Mixtures
1 Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3308, USA 2 R&D Control Division, Flavor System & Technology Laboratory, Ogawa & Co., Ltd,15-7 Chidori Urayashu-shi, Chiba 279-0032, Japan 3 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104
Correspondence to be sent to: Paul M. Wise, Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3308, USA. e-mail: pwise{at}monell.org
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Abstract |
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Does structural similarity of odorants influence detectability of their mixtures? To address this question, psychometric (probability of correct detection vs. concentration) functions were measured for aliphatic carboxylic acids and selected binary mixtures thereof. Unmixed stimuli included acetic (C2), butyric (C4), hexanoic (C6), and octanoic (C8) acids. Mixtures included C2 + C4, C2 + C6, and C2 + C8. Vapor-phase concentrations of individual compounds, as measured by a combination of solid-phase micro extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, were always the same, whether presented singly or in a binary mixture. Additivity of detectability was assessed with respect to response addition (independent processing of mixture components). For C2 + C6, for which the mixture components differed by 4 methylene units, and C2 + C8, which differed by 6 methylene units, response addition provided a reasonably good description of detection at all levels of performance. In contrast, for C2 + C4, which differed by only 2 methylene units, detection showed a tendency to exceed additivity at low concentrations but fell below additivity at higher concentrations. These results suggest that interaction among odors in binary mixtures does depend on structural similarity, at least for detection of carboxylic acids. Future studies can determine if this result is particular to carboxylic acids.
Key words: interaction, olfaction, psychophysics, sensitivity, structure–activity
Accepted 6 March 2007
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