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Chem. Senses 26: 201-206, 2001
© Oxford University Press 2001

SYMPOSIUM: AChemS XXII Symposium

Olfaction in Drosophila: Coding, Genetics and e-Genetics

Coral Warr1, Peter Clyne1, Marien de Bruyne1, Junhyong Kim1,2 and John R. Carlson1

1 Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and 2 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8103, USA

Correspondence to be sent to: John Carlson, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, PO Box 208103, New Haven CT 06520-8103, USA. e-mail john.carlson{at}yale.edu

Abstract

Odor coding in Drosophila is examined at both the cellular and molecular levels. Functional analysis of individual olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) by single-unit electrophysiology has shown that ORNs divide into discrete classes, with each class exhibiting a characteristic odor response spectrum. Extensive analysis of ORNs in the maxillary palp has revealed six such classes, which are combined in sensilla according to a strict pairing rule. In order to identify the odor receptor genes that determine the odor specificity of these ORN classes, a new algorithm was designed to search DNA databases for proteins with a particular structure, as opposed to a particular sequence. The algorithm identified a large family of genes likely to encode odor receptors. The acj6 gene, originally identified in a screen for mutants defective in olfactory behavior, encodes a transcription factor that regulates a subset of these receptor genes, and is likely to play a critical role in the process by which ORNs select which receptors to express.


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