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Chem. Senses 27: 1-6, 2002
© Oxford University Press 2002

The Minimum Number of Neurons in the Central Olfactory Pathway in Relation to its Function

a Retrograde Fiber Tracing Study

N. Fukushima, S. Oikawa1, K. Yokouchi, K. Kawagishi and T. Moriizumi

Department of Anatomy, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan

Correspondence to be sent to: Tetsuji Moriizumi, Department of Anatomy, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan. e-mail: moriizum{at}sch.md.shinshu-u.ac.jp

The present study was aimed at determining the functionally essential size of the neuronal population in the central olfactory nervous system. Using conditioned rats who had learnt to avoid repellent (cycloheximide) solution by olfaction, varying degrees of injuries were made to the lateral olfactory tract, a major central olfactory pathway connecting the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex. After examining their olfactory ability to discriminate cycloheximide solution from water, intact bulbar projection neurons (mitral cells) with fiber connections to the olfactory cortex were quantified using a retrograde fiber tracing technique. The numbers of retrogradely labeled mitral cells from the rats with normal olfaction ranged between 20 and 92% of the control value, while those numbers from the anosmic rats ranged between 0 and 22%. We conclude that the functionally essential neuronal population is approximately one-fifth of the total in the central olfactory pathway, a presumed threshold value in terms of the ability to avoid cycloheximide solution by olfactory discrimination.


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