Chemical Senses Vol. 29 No. 9 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved
Gustatory Neural Responses to Umami Taste Stimuli in C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J Mice
1 Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan, 2 Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA and 3 Department of Psychology and School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Correspondence to be sent to: Alexander A. Bachmanov, Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. e-mail: bachmanov{at}monell.org
In long-term two-bottle tests, mice from the C57BL/6ByJ (B6) strain drink more monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) and inosine-5'-monophosphate (IMP) compared with mice from the 129P3/J (129) strain. The goal of this study was to assess the role of afferent gustatory input in these strain differences. We measured integrated responses of the mouse chorda tympani and glossopharyngeal nerves to lingual application of compounds that evoke umami taste in humans: MSG, monoammonium L-glutamate (NH4 glutamate), IMP and guanosine-5'-monophosphate (GMP) and also to other taste stimuli. Chorda tympani responses to MSG and NH4 glutamate were similar in B6 and 129 mice. Chorda tympani responses to IMP and GMP were lower in B6 than in 129 mice. Responses to umami stimuli in the glossopharyngeal nerve did not differ between the B6 and 129 strains. Responses to MSG, IMP and GMP were not affected by sodium present in these compounds because B6 and 129 mice had similar neural taste responses to NaCl. This study has demonstrated that the increased ingestive responses to the umami stimuli in B6 mice are accompanied by either unchanged or decreased neural responses to these stimuli. Lack of support for the role of the chorda tympani or glossopharyngeal nerves in the enhanced consumption of MSG and IMP by B6 mice suggests that it is due to some other factors. Although results of our previous study suggest that postingestive effects of MSG can affect its intake, contribution of other gustatory components (e.g. greater superficial petrosal nerve or central gustatory processing) to the strain differences in consumption of umami compounds also cannot be excluded. Strain differences in gustatory neural responses to nucleotides but not glutamate suggest that these compounds may activate distinct taste transduction mechanisms.
Key words: chorda tympani nerve, electrophysiology, genetics, glossopharyngeal nerve, glutamate
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