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Chemical Senses Advance Access originally published online on July 14, 2007
Chemical Senses 2007 32(8):755-763; doi:10.1093/chemse/bjm043
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© 2007 The Authors
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Oxaspiropentane Derivatives as Effective Sex Pheromone Analogues in the Gypsy Moth: Electrophysiological and Behavioral Evidence

Paolo Solari1, Roberto Crnjar1, Angelo Frongia2, Giorgia Sollai1, Francesco Secci2, Marco Spiga2, Carla Masala1 and Anna Liscia1

1 Department of Experimental Biology, Section of General Physiology 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy

Correspondence to be sent to: Anna Liscia, Department of Experimental Biology, Section of General Physiology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554 Km 4.5, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy. e-mail: liscia{at}unica.it


  Abstract

A number of oxaspiropentane derivatives (OXPs) were tested as potential (+)-disparlure analogues, with the aim of identifying any possible interaction of these compounds, be it additive, synergetic, or inhibitory, with the pheromone response in the male gypsy moth Lymantria dispar. As assessed by male electroantennograms, 2 OXPs, 2-decyl-1-oxaspiro[2.2]pentane (OXP-01) and 4-(1-oxaspiro[2.2]pent-2-yl)butan-1-ol (OXP-04), were found to be effective. OXP-01 had no stimulatory effect but strongly decreased the response to (+)-disparlure in a blend in a 1:1 ratio. By contrast, OXP-04 proved to be more stimulating than (+)-disparlure and also had an additive effect in the blend. Single-cell recordings from the sensilla trichoidea showed the activity of 2 cells, one of which responded to (+)-disparlure. OXP-01 reduced the stimulating effectiveness of pheromone by silencing the pheromone-responding unit when the 2 compounds were presented in blend, whereas OXP-04 mimicked the pheromone response, evidenced by exciting the pheromone-responding neuron when tested alone. Behavioral observations are in agreement with electrophysiological results.

Key words: (+)-disparlure, electroantennograms, insect, Lymantria dispar, single-cell recordings

Accepted 11 June 2007


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