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Chemical Senses Advance Access published online on September 1, 2005
Chemical Senses, doi:10.1093/chemse/bji055
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Accepted August 5, 2005

Article

Analysis of Training-Induced Changes in Ethyl Acetate Odor Maps Using a New Computational Tool to Map the Glomerular Layer of the Olfactory Bulb

Ernesto Salcedo 1*, Chunbo Zhang 2, Eugene Kronberg 1, and Diego Restrepo 1

1 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Mail Stop 8108 PO Box 6511, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Mail Stop 8108 PO Box 6511, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Mail Stop 8108 PO Box 6511, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
2 Biology Division, BCPS, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Neuroengineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Ernesto Salcedo, E-mail: ernesto.salcedo{at}uchsc.edu


  Abstract

Odor quality is thought to be encoded by the activation of partially overlapping subsets of glomeruli in the olfactory bulb (odor maps). Mouse genetic studies have demonstrated that olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) expressing a particular olfactory receptor target their axons to a few individual glomeruli in the bulb. While the specific targeting of OSN axons provides a molecular underpinning for the odor maps, much remains to be understood about the relationship between the functional and molecular maps. In this article, we ask the question whether intensive training of mice in a go/no-go operant conditioning odor discrimination task affects odor maps measured by determining c-fos up-regulation in periglomerular cells. Data analysis is performed using a newly developed suite of computational tools designed to systematically map functional and molecular features of glomeruli in the adult mouse olfactory bulb. This suite provides the necessary tools to process high-resolution digital images, map labeled glomeruli, visualize odor maps, and facilitate statistical analysis of patterns of identified glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. The software generates odor maps (density plots) based on glomerular activity, density, or area. We find that training up-regulates the number of glomeruli that become c-fos positive after stimulation with ethyl acetate.

Keywords: c-fos; glomerulus; go/no-go operant conditioning; neuroinformatics; odor map; olfactory bulb.
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